What types of minerals make basalt?

Basalt is a volcanic rock that is rich in minerals. It primarily consists of the following minerals:

1. Silicon dioxide (SiO2): This is the most abundant mineral in basalt and gives it its dark gray to black color.

2. Aluminum oxide (Al2O3): This mineral is responsible for basalt’s light gray to white color and its vitreous nature.

3. Iron oxide (FeO): This mineral gives basalt its red color and is present in varying amounts depending on the volcanic process.

4. Calcium oxide (CaO): This mineral is also present in varying amounts and contributes to the overall composition of basalt.

5. Magnesium oxide (MgO): This mineral is also found in basalt and plays a role in its composition.

6. Potassium feldspar (K-feldspar): This mineral is present in trace amounts and contributes to basalt’s vitreous nature.

7. Orthoclase (K-feldspar): This mineral is present in trace amounts and contributes to basalt’s vitreous nature.

These minerals are combined in varying proport ions to form basalt, which is a dense, hard, and felsic rock.